rm `ls *.txt|egrep -v test.txt`

#或者

rm `ls *.txt|awk '{if($0 != "test.txt") print $0}'`

#排除多个文件

rm `ls *.txt|egrep -v '(test.txt|fff.txt|ppp.txt)'`

rm -f `ls *.log.1|egrep -v '(access-2010-09-06.log|error-2010-09-06.log)'`

rm -f `ls *.log|egrep -v '(access-2010-09-06.log|error-2010-09-06.log)'`

rm -f `ls *.log|egrep -v '(20100906.log)'`

rm -rf `ls  |egrep -v bb` 删除所有，保留bb 目录

注意：上面所用的符号是‘`’，而不是单引号